Alfatest Grp 1.27 26: How to Use It for Your Success and Growth

The linkage of obesity, inflammation, and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has been extensively investigated for over a decade. However, the association between inflammatory biomarkers, including C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin 6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and T2DM is still inconsistent and limited. Thus, this study is aimed at elucidating the association between inflammatory marker levels and the risk of developing T2DM in many aspects. Among 296 subjects enrolled in 2013, 248 non-T2DM subjects who were completely reinvestigated in 2014 and 2015 were included in a 2-year retrospective analysis. Multivariate logistic regression was performed to evaluate the association of baseline inflammatory marker levels and variation with incidence of T2DM. After the 2-year follow-up, 18.6% of total subjects had developed T2DM. The risk of developing T2DM was significantly increased in subjects with a high level of baseline CRP (, 95% CI: 1.77-9.12, ), and a stronger impact was found with the combination of high CRP and IL-6 levels (, 95% CI: 1.27-20.49, ). One-year inflammatory marker variation analysis also revealed the significant association of elevated TNF-α and risk of developing T2DM (, 95% CI: 1.01-23.49, ). In conclusion, besides consideration of CRP levels alone, our findings suggested that IL-6 outstandingly plays a contributing role in T2DM progression and elevated TNF-α levels over time could be a potential predictor of T2DM.

Alfatest Grp 1.27 26

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Since consideration of a single inflammatory marker alone may not show the statistical relationship with risk of developing T2DM, we therefore performed the combination analysis to evaluate the interaction effect in each inflammatory marker. The results of logistic regression for the 2-year T2DM progression are presented in Table 4. The association was obviously found in the synergistic interaction term between the high level of baseline CRP and IL-6; subjects with this combination had a substantially increased risk of T2DM by almost 6 times compared with the low-level group (, 95% CI: 1.55-22.88, ). The effects were still statistically significant after adjusting for confounders; the synergistic interaction value was 5.1 (, 95% CI: 1.27-20.49, ). Subjects with a combined elevation of baseline CRP and TNF-α levels indicated a significantly increased risk of developing T2DM (, 95% CI: 1.10-15.33, ) when compared with the low-level group in the adjusted analysis. Conversely, the combination of elevated levels of baseline IL-6 and TNF-α was not significantly associated with T2DM; however, subjects in this group showed a slight trend towards increased risk of developing T2DM (, 95% CI: 0.79-6.97, ). Furthermore, we performed an analysis of synergistic interaction among all 3 inflammatory markers. The effect of combined high CRP, IL-6, and TNF-α levels was found with a significantly increased risk to develop T2DM in the crude analysis (, 95% CI: 1.07-30.63, ), whereas this relationship was not rather strong after the adjustment of confounding factors. 2ff7e9595c